Planta ambrozia, specia Ambrosia artemisiifolia este o plat\u0103 anual\u0103 cu tulpini puternic ramificate care ating \u00een\u0103l\u0163imea 50\u2013100 cm, iar la maturitate poate avea \u00een\u0103l\u0163imea de 2 metri. Ambrozia este o plant\u0103 invaziv\u0103, extrem de adaptabil\u0103 la condi\u0163iile climatice nefavorabile, rezistent\u0103 la secet\u0103 \u015fi ar\u015fi\u0163a, prefer\u0103 solurile nisipoase, mai pu\u0163in fertile, u\u015for alcaline, fapt ce o plaseaz\u0103 \u00een categoria plantelor dominante, comparativ cu culturile agricole \u015fi alte buruieni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Impactul asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii popula\u021biei<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Polenul de ambrozie este considerat un alergen foarte agresiv cu impact negativ asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii publice, declan\u0219\u00e2nd diferite st\u0103ri alergice, inclusiv:<\/p>\n\n\n\n afectarea mucoasei nasului \u0219i a ochilor (rinoconjuctivit\u0103), manifestat\u0103 prin str\u0103nut, pruritul \u00een zona nasului \u0219i al ochilor, \u00eenro\u0219irea \u0219i edemul mucoaselor, l\u0103crimare;<\/p>\n\n\n\n accese de astm bron\u0219ic cu episoade de tuse, dificultate \u00een respira\u0163ie sau respira\u0163ie \u0219uier\u0103toare;<\/p>\n\n\n\n afectarea pielii cu leziuni de urticarie (m\u00e2nc\u0103rime) \u015fi edem dureros al \u0163esuturilor profunde, care afecteaz\u0103 mai frecvent zonele \u00een jurul gurii, nasului, ochiului, zona genital\u0103 \u015fi extremit\u0103\u0163i;<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015foc anafilactic \u2013 cea mai sever\u0103 reac\u0163ie alergic\u0103, cu debut brusc, nea\u015fteptat, tablou clinic deseori dramatic, care poate duce la deces, dac\u0103 nu se \u00eentreprind m\u0103suri de interven\u0163ie medical\u0103 urgent\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u0103surile de prevenire<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Persoanele alergice trebuie s\u0103 evite sau s\u0103 reduc\u0103 timpul plimb\u0103rilor \u00een parc sau p\u0103dure, s\u0103 se spele frecvent pe fa\u021b\u0103 \u0219i m\u00e2ini, s\u0103-\u0219i schimbe hainele de la plimbare, s\u0103 poarte m\u0103\u0219ti la necesitate. Iar \u00een caz de agravare a st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate, s\u0103 se adreseze de urgen\u0163\u0103 dup\u0103 asisten\u0163\u0103 medical\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Metodele de nimicire \u0219i combatere a ambroziei<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ambrozia poate fi distrus\u0103 prin aplicarea diferitor metode, inclusiv:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mecanice (discuire, cosire, smulgerea manual\u0103, etc.). Se impune t\u0103ierea c\u00e2t mai joas\u0103 a plantei (de la suprafa\u0163a solului), de 4-5 ori \u00een perioada de vegeta\u0163ie, pentru prevenirea form\u0103riinoilor inflorescen\u0163e, p\u00e2n\u0103 la eradicarea total\u0103 a buruienii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 Chimice \u2013 aplicarea erbicidelor \u00een fazele ini\u021biale de dezvoltare a plantei (se vor utiliza produse de uz fitosanitar omologate \u015fi incluse \u00een Registrul de stat al produselor de uz fitosanitar \u015fi a fertilizan\u0163ilor).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Important: Aplicarea erbicidelor se coordoneaz\u0103 cu speciali\u015ftii Agen\u0163iei Na\u0163ionale pentru Siguran\u0163a Alimentelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Responsabilit\u0103\u021bile autorit\u0103\u021bilor:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ministerul Agriculturii, Dezvolt\u0103rii regionale \u0219i a Mediului:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 identificarea terenurile infestate cu buruiana ambrozia<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 realizarea ac\u021biunilor de nimicire \u0219i combatere<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 aplicarea sanc\u021biunilor privind nerespectarea cerin\u021belor<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 realizarea ac\u021biunilor de comunicare \u0219i informare a autorit\u0103\u021bilor<\/p>\n\n\n\n Autorit\u0103\u021bile Publice Locale:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 realizarea m\u0103surilor de prevenire, combatere \u015fi distrugere a buruienii ambrozia \u00een spa\u021biile publice, teritoriile adiacente \u00eentreprinderilor de stat \u0219i celor private, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een sectoarele particulare din teritoriu deservit;<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 mobilizarea societ\u0103\u021bii<\/p>\n\n\n\n Agen\u021bia Na\u021bional\u0103 pentru Siguran\u021ba Alimentelor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 coordonarea lucr\u0103rilor de aplicare a erbicidelor omologate \u015fi incluse \u00een Registrul de stat al produselor de uz fitosanitar \u015fi a fertilizan\u0163ilor;<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 instruirea autorit\u0103\u021bilor \u0219i a popula\u021biei privind utilizarea erbicidelor<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii Muncii \u0219i Protec\u021biei Sociale<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 sensibilizarea autorit\u0103\u021bilor privind riscul pentru s\u0103n\u0103tatea public\u0103 a ambroziei;<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 organizarea ac\u021biunilor de comunicare, informare \u015fi con\u015ftientizare a popula\u021biei;<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 controlul, \u00een limita competen\u021bei func\u021bionale a subiec\u021bilor pasibili controlului de stat \u00een s\u0103n\u0103tatea public\u0103, responsabili de gestionarea terenurilor \u00een combaterea buruienii ambrozia<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2013 diagnosticarea \u0219i tratamentul persoanelor alergice<\/p>\n\n\n\n Care sunt sanc\u0163iunile?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Conform Codului contraven\u0163ional nr. 218\/2008, se prev\u0103d urm\u0103toarele sanc\u0163iuni:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Art. 117, (3) Ne\u00eendeplinirea obliga\u0163iei de combatere \u015fi prevenire a r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirii buruienilor pe terenuri (cu excep\u0163ia terenurilor cu destina\u0163ie agricol\u0103) se sanc\u0163ioneaz\u0103 cu amend\u0103 de la 12 la 30 de unit\u0103\u0163i conven\u0163ionale, aplicat\u0103 persoanei fizice \u015fi amend\u0103 de la 60 la 120 de unit\u0103\u0163i conven\u0163ionale aplicat\u0103 persoanei juridice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Art. 405. Ne\u00eendeplinirea obliga\u0163iei de combatere \u015fi prevenire a r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirii buruienilor pe terenurile cu destina\u0163ie agricol\u0103 se sanc\u0163ioneaz\u0103 cu amend\u0103 de la 18 la 30 de unit\u0103\u0163i conven\u0163ionale aplicat\u0103 persoanei fizice, cu amend\u0103 de la 60 la 120 de unit\u0103\u0163i conven\u0163ionale aplicat\u0103 persoanei cu func\u0163ie de r\u0103spundere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Unitatea conven\u0163ional\u0103 constituie 50 lei.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Planta ambrozia, specia Ambrosia artemisiifolia este o plat\u0103 anual\u0103 cu tulpini puternic ramificate care ating \u00een\u0103l\u0163imea 50\u2013100 cm, iar la maturitate poate avea \u00een\u0103l\u0163imea de 2 [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":583,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=582"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/582\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":585,"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/582\/revisions\/585"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vasilcau.imsp.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}